審稿意見回覆技巧:如何專業回應 Reviewer Comments

2026年2月14日46 分鐘閱讀

審稿意見回覆技巧:如何專業回應審稿人意見

文章元數據

  • 標題:審稿意見回覆技巧:如何專業回應審稿人意見
  • Slug:reviewer-response-techniques
  • 摘要:詳細解析如何專業、有效地回應審稿人意見,包含回覆策略、常見錯誤、實戰範例和完整的回覆模板,協助研究者提升論文接受率。
  • 分類:論文投稿 (submission-guide)
  • 標籤:審稿意見回覆、論文修改、審稿人意見、Revision、學術寫作、論文投稿、期刊投稿、Response Letter
  • 長尾關鍵字
    • 如何回應審稿人意見
    • 審稿意見回覆範例
    • Response to Reviewers 怎麼寫
    • 論文修改回覆信
    • 審稿人意見不合理怎麼辦
    • Major Revision 回覆技巧
    • Minor Revision 處理方式
    • 審稿意見逐點回覆
    • Point-by-point response
    • 如何禮貌地反駁審稿人

一、審稿意見回覆的重要性

收到審稿意見是論文投稿過程中的關鍵階段,專業的回覆不僅能提升論文接受率,更能展現研究者的學術素養。根據統計,經過 Major Revision 後成功發表的論文比例約為 50-70%,而回覆品質是決定性因素之一。

為什麼審稿意見回覆如此重要?

  1. 展現研究嚴謹度:詳細的回覆顯示您認真對待審稿人的建議
  2. 建立學術信任:專業的回覆能贏得審稿人和編輯的尊重
  3. 提升接受機率:清晰的回覆能消除審稿人的疑慮
  4. 學術成長機會:審稿意見往往能指出研究的盲點

二、審稿意見的類型與回應策略

2.1 Accept with Minor Revisions(小幅修改後接受)

特徵

  • 審稿人基本認可研究價值
  • 主要是格式、文字或小幅補充
  • 通常 1-2 週內可完成修改

回應策略

markdown
✅ 逐點回覆每個意見
✅ 明確標示修改位置(頁數、行數)
✅ 感謝審稿人的建議
✅ 快速完成修改並重新提交

範例回覆

Reviewer #1, Comment #1:
"Please clarify the sample size calculation in the Methods section."

Response:
Thank you for this valuable suggestion. We have now added a detailed explanation of the sample size calculation in the Methods section (Page 8, Lines 145-152). The calculation is based on a power analysis with α=0.05, power=0.80, and an expected effect size of d=0.5, resulting in a minimum sample size of 128 participants.

Changes made:
- Added sample size calculation formula (Page 8, Line 147)
- Included reference to G*Power software (Page 8, Line 150)
- Explained the rationale for effect size estimation (Page 8, Lines 151-152)

2.2 Major Revision(大幅修改)

特徵

  • 需要補充實驗、數據或分析
  • 可能需要重新架構部分內容
  • 通常需要 1-3 個月完成

回應策略

markdown
✅ 優先處理核心問題
✅ 若需補充實驗,說明實驗設計
✅ 若無法完全滿足,提供替代方案
✅ 保持與編輯的溝通

範例回覆(無法完全滿足時)

Reviewer #2, Comment #3:
"The authors should conduct additional experiments with a larger sample size (n>500) to validate the findings."

Response:
We sincerely appreciate this suggestion. However, due to the specialized nature of our patient population (rare disease cohort) and resource constraints, recruiting 500+ participants within a reasonable timeframe is not feasible. 

As an alternative, we have:
1. Conducted a post-hoc power analysis confirming our current sample (n=156) provides 85% power to detect the observed effect size (Page 12, Lines 234-238)
2. Added a sensitivity analysis to test the robustness of our findings (Page 15, Table 4)
3. Explicitly acknowledged this limitation in the Discussion section (Page 20, Lines 412-418)
4. Proposed this as a direction for future multi-center collaborative studies (Page 21, Lines 435-438)

We believe these additions strengthen the validity of our conclusions while acknowledging the sample size limitation transparently.

2.3 Reject and Resubmit(拒絕後重投)

特徵

  • 研究有價值但需大幅改進
  • 可能需要重新設計部分研究
  • 重投時會重新審查

回應策略

markdown
✅ 仔細評估是否值得重投
✅ 若重投,需大幅改寫
✅ 在 Cover Letter 中說明重大改進
✅ 考慮是否轉投其他期刊

三、回覆信的結構與格式

3.1 標準格式

markdown
Dear Dr. [Editor's Name],

Thank you for the opportunity to revise our manuscript titled "[Your Title]" (Manuscript ID: [ID]). We appreciate the constructive feedback from the reviewers and have carefully addressed all comments. Below, we provide a point-by-point response to each reviewer's comments.

---

**REVIEWER #1**

**Comment #1:** [Original comment]

**Response:** [Your detailed response]

**Changes made:** [Specific changes with page/line numbers]

---

**Comment #2:** [Original comment]

**Response:** [Your detailed response]

**Changes made:** [Specific changes with page/line numbers]

---

**REVIEWER #2**

[Same structure...]

---

**Summary of Major Changes:**
1. [Major change 1]
2. [Major change 2]
3. [Major change 3]

We believe these revisions have significantly strengthened the manuscript and hope it is now suitable for publication in [Journal Name].

Sincerely,
[Your Name]
Corresponding Author

3.2 格式化技巧

使用顏色或粗體標示

markdown
✅ 審稿人意見:藍色或斜體
✅ 您的回覆:黑色正體
✅ 修改內容:紅色或粗體
✅ 頁碼行號:括號標示

使用表格整理

ReviewerCommentResponsePage/Line
R1Sample sizeAdded calculationP8, L145-152
R1Missing referenceAdded citationP12, L234

四、常見審稿意見的回應技巧

4.1 方法學問題

審稿人意見

"The statistical method used is inappropriate for this type of data."

回應策略

  1. 若審稿人正確:承認並修正

    We thank the reviewer for pointing out this important issue. Upon re-evaluation, we agree that [original method] is not optimal for our data structure. We have now re-analyzed the data using [correct method], which is more appropriate for [reason]. The revised results are presented in Table 3 (Page 14).
    
  2. 若您的方法正確:禮貌地解釋並提供文獻支持

    We appreciate the reviewer's concern regarding our statistical approach. However, we respectfully maintain that [your method] is appropriate for this analysis because [reason 1], [reason 2]. This approach is consistent with recent studies in the field (e.g., Smith et al., 2023; Johnson et al., 2024) and is recommended by [authoritative source]. To clarify our rationale, we have added a detailed explanation in the Methods section (Page 9, Lines 178-185).
    

4.2 文獻引用問題

審稿人意見

"The authors failed to cite several important recent studies."

回應策略

markdown
Thank you for bringing these important references to our attention. We have now incorporated the following studies into our manuscript:

1. [Citation 1] - Discussed in Introduction (Page 3, Lines 56-59)
2. [Citation 2] - Compared with our findings in Discussion (Page 18, Lines 367-372)
3. [Citation 3] - Added to support our methodology (Page 10, Line 198)

These additions have enriched our literature review and strengthened the contextualization of our findings.

4.3 結果解釋問題

審稿人意見

"The interpretation of Figure 3 is unclear and potentially misleading."

回應策略

markdown
We apologize for the confusion. We have revised Figure 3 and its accompanying text to improve clarity:

1. Redesigned the figure with clearer labels and legends (Page 16, Figure 3)
2. Added a more detailed caption explaining each panel (Page 16, Lines 312-318)
3. Revised the Results section to provide step-by-step interpretation (Page 15, Lines 298-305)
4. Added a schematic diagram to illustrate the underlying mechanism (Page 17, Figure 4)

We believe these changes make our findings more accessible and reduce the risk of misinterpretation.

4.4 討論與限制

審稿人意見

"The limitations section is too brief and does not adequately address the study's weaknesses."

回應策略

markdown
We agree that a more comprehensive discussion of limitations is warranted. We have substantially expanded the Limitations section (Page 21, Lines 428-456) to address:

1. Sample size and generalizability concerns (Lines 430-436)
2. Potential selection bias in participant recruitment (Lines 437-442)
3. Lack of long-term follow-up data (Lines 443-448)
4. Reliance on self-reported measures (Lines 449-453)
5. Implications of these limitations for interpreting our findings (Lines 454-456)

We have also discussed how future studies could address these limitations (Page 22, Lines 457-465).

五、處理困難情況的技巧

5.1 審稿人意見互相矛盾

情況

  • Reviewer 1: "The sample size is too small."
  • Reviewer 2: "The sample size is adequate."

回應策略

markdown
We note that Reviewers 1 and 2 have differing opinions regarding sample size adequacy. We have carefully considered both perspectives:

**In response to Reviewer 1's concern:**
We have conducted a post-hoc power analysis (Page 12, Lines 234-238) and added a sensitivity analysis (Page 15, Table 4) to demonstrate the robustness of our findings despite the modest sample size.

**In response to Reviewer 2's assessment:**
We agree that our sample size is comparable to similar studies in the field (e.g., [citations]). However, we have also acknowledged this as a limitation and proposed larger-scale validation studies in the Discussion (Page 21, Lines 440-445).

We believe this balanced approach addresses both reviewers' concerns while maintaining scientific rigor.

5.2 審稿人要求不合理

情況

"The authors should conduct a 5-year longitudinal study to validate their findings."

回應策略

markdown
We appreciate the reviewer's suggestion for long-term validation. However, conducting a 5-year longitudinal study is beyond the scope of the current manuscript, which focuses on [specific aim]. 

As a compromise, we have:
1. Added a cross-sectional analysis of participants at different time points (Page 14, Table 5)
2. Included retrospective data spanning 2 years (Page 16, Figure 6)
3. Explicitly proposed a longitudinal study as future research in the Discussion (Page 22, Lines 468-475)

We believe these additions provide preliminary evidence of temporal patterns while acknowledging the need for dedicated longitudinal research.

5.3 審稿人誤解研究內容

情況

"The authors claim X, but this is contradicted by their data."

回應策略

markdown
We apologize for the confusion. Upon reviewing our manuscript, we realize that our wording in the Results section (original Page 15, Lines 289-292) may have been misleading. We did not intend to claim X; rather, our finding indicates Y.

To clarify:
1. We have revised the problematic sentence to read: "[New, clearer wording]" (Page 15, Lines 289-291)
2. Added a clarifying statement in the Discussion (Page 19, Lines 385-388)
3. Modified Figure 5's caption to better reflect the actual finding (Page 16, Lines 320-323)

We thank the reviewer for identifying this ambiguity, which has helped us improve the clarity of our manuscript.

六、回覆信的語氣與態度

6.1 保持專業與禮貌

❌ 避免的表達

  • "The reviewer clearly did not read our manuscript carefully."
  • "This comment is completely wrong."
  • "We disagree with the reviewer's opinion."

✅ 建議的表達

  • "We appreciate the reviewer's careful reading and valuable feedback."
  • "We respectfully offer an alternative interpretation..."
  • "While we understand the reviewer's concern, we would like to clarify..."

6.2 感謝與認可

每個回覆的開頭

markdown
✅ "Thank you for this insightful comment."
✅ "We appreciate the reviewer bringing this to our attention."
✅ "This is an excellent suggestion that has improved our manuscript."

6.3 承認錯誤

當審稿人指出真正的錯誤時

markdown
✅ "We thank the reviewer for catching this error."
✅ "Upon re-examination, we agree that our original analysis was flawed."
✅ "We apologize for this oversight and have corrected it throughout the manuscript."

七、修改稿的標示技巧

7.1 Track Changes(追蹤修訂)

Word 文件

  • 啟用「追蹤修訂」功能
  • 所有修改都會自動標示
  • 提交時保留追蹤記錄

LaTeX 文件

latex
% 使用 changes 套件
\usepackage{changes}

% 標示新增內容
\added{This is new text.}

% 標示刪除內容
\deleted{This is deleted text.}

% 標示替換內容
\replaced{new text}{old text}

7.2 顏色標示

markdown
✅ 新增內容:紅色或藍色
✅ 修改內容:綠色
✅ 刪除內容:刪除線

7.3 提供兩個版本

  1. Clean Version:無標記的最終版本
  2. Marked Version:標示所有修改的版本

八、常見錯誤與避免方法

8.1 回覆不完整

❌ 錯誤

  • 只回覆部分意見
  • 忽略「小」意見

✅ 正確

  • 逐點回覆所有意見
  • 即使是小修改也要確認

8.2 回覆過於簡短

❌ 錯誤

Comment: Please clarify the methodology.
Response: Done.

✅ 正確

Comment: Please clarify the methodology.
Response: Thank you for this suggestion. We have substantially revised the Methods section to provide more detail on [specific aspects]. The revised text now includes [change 1], [change 2], and [change 3] (Page 9, Lines 175-195). We believe these additions make our methodology more transparent and reproducible.

8.3 防禦性回覆

❌ 錯誤

  • 對每個意見都辯解
  • 拒絕承認任何問題

✅ 正確

  • 虛心接受合理建議
  • 必要時禮貌地解釋立場

九、實戰範例:完整回覆信

markdown
Dear Dr. Smith,

Thank you for the opportunity to revise our manuscript titled "AI-Assisted Literature Review: A Systematic Approach" (Manuscript ID: JAIR-2024-1234). We are grateful for the constructive feedback from the reviewers, which has significantly improved our manuscript. Below, we provide a detailed point-by-point response to each comment.

---

**REVIEWER #1**

**Comment #1:** The introduction lacks a clear statement of the research gap. Please clarify what specific problem your study addresses that has not been adequately covered in previous research.

**Response:** We thank the reviewer for this important observation. We have substantially revised the Introduction to explicitly articulate the research gap (Page 3, Lines 58-72). Specifically, we now highlight that while previous studies have explored AI applications in literature review (e.g., Zhang et al., 2023; Kumar et al., 2024), none have systematically evaluated the accuracy and efficiency trade-offs across different AI models in the context of systematic reviews. Our study fills this gap by providing a comprehensive comparative analysis of five leading AI models (GPT-4, Claude, Gemini, LLaMA, and Mistral) using a standardized evaluation framework.

**Changes made:**
- Added explicit research gap statement (Page 3, Lines 58-65)
- Clarified our unique contribution (Page 3, Lines 66-72)
- Added a comparison table of previous studies (Page 4, Table 1)

---

**Comment #2:** The sample size (n=50 articles) seems small for drawing generalizable conclusions. Can the authors justify this choice or consider expanding the dataset?

**Response:** We appreciate this concern. Our sample size was determined through a power analysis (α=0.05, power=0.80, effect size d=0.6), which indicated that 45 articles would be sufficient to detect meaningful differences between AI models. However, in response to this comment, we have:

1. Expanded our dataset from 50 to 75 articles (Page 8, Line 156)
2. Ensured balanced representation across five research domains (Page 8, Table 2)
3. Conducted a sensitivity analysis to verify result stability (Page 15, Figure 4)
4. Added a post-hoc power analysis confirming 90% power with the expanded sample (Page 12, Lines 245-248)

The revised results (Page 14, Table 4) show consistent patterns with our original findings, suggesting robustness across sample sizes.

---

**REVIEWER #2**

**Comment #1:** The methodology section needs more detail on how the "accuracy" of AI-generated summaries was evaluated. What specific criteria were used?

**Response:** Thank you for highlighting this important gap. We have substantially expanded the Methods section to provide a detailed description of our evaluation framework (Page 10, Lines 198-225). Our accuracy assessment is based on four criteria:

1. **Factual Correctness** (40%): Alignment with original article content
2. **Completeness** (30%): Coverage of key findings and methods
3. **Coherence** (20%): Logical flow and clarity
4. **Citation Accuracy** (10%): Correct attribution of claims

Each criterion was scored independently by three expert raters (inter-rater reliability κ=0.82, Page 11, Line 228). We have also added the complete scoring rubric as Supplementary Material S1.

**Changes made:**
- Detailed evaluation criteria (Page 10, Lines 198-210)
- Rater training protocol (Page 10, Lines 211-218)
- Inter-rater reliability analysis (Page 11, Lines 226-230)
- Added scoring rubric (Supplementary Material S1)

---

**Comment #2:** Figure 3 is difficult to interpret. Consider using a different visualization or adding more explanatory text.

**Response:** We agree that the original Figure 3 was overly complex. We have completely redesigned this figure to improve clarity:

1. Replaced the 3D scatter plot with a 2D heatmap (Page 16, Figure 3)
2. Added color-coded performance tiers (high/medium/low)
3. Included a detailed caption explaining each element (Page 16, Lines 325-335)
4. Added a companion schematic diagram (Page 17, Figure 4) to illustrate the underlying evaluation framework

We believe these changes make our results much more accessible to readers.

---

**Summary of Major Changes:**

1. **Expanded Introduction**: Added explicit research gap statement and comparison with previous studies (Page 3-4)
2. **Increased Sample Size**: From 50 to 75 articles with balanced domain representation (Page 8)
3. **Enhanced Methodology**: Detailed evaluation criteria and inter-rater reliability analysis (Page 10-11)
4. **Improved Visualizations**: Redesigned Figure 3 and added Figure 4 for clarity (Page 16-17)
5. **Strengthened Discussion**: Added limitations section and future research directions (Page 21-22)

We believe these revisions have significantly strengthened the manuscript and addressed all reviewer concerns. We hope the revised manuscript is now suitable for publication in the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research.

Thank you for your consideration.

Sincerely,

Dr. Jane Doe
Corresponding Author
Department of Computer Science
University of Example
Email: [email protected]

十、常見問題 FAQ

Q1: 回覆信應該多長?

A: 沒有固定長度,但應確保:

  • 每個意見都有詳細回覆
  • 複雜問題的回覆可能需要 200-300 字
  • 簡單問題的回覆至少 50-100 字
  • 總長度通常 5-15 頁

Q2: 如果審稿人的意見完全錯誤怎麼辦?

A: 保持專業,禮貌地解釋:

  1. 感謝審稿人的關注
  2. 說明可能的誤解來源
  3. 提供清晰的解釋和證據
  4. 修改原文以避免未來讀者產生同樣誤解

Q3: 需要多快提交修改稿?

A: 取決於修改類型:

  • Minor Revision: 2-4 週
  • Major Revision: 1-3 個月
  • 超過期限應主動聯繫編輯說明

Q4: 可以不同意審稿人的意見嗎?

A: 可以,但需要:

  1. 有充分的理由和證據
  2. 使用禮貌、專業的語氣
  3. 提供替代方案
  4. 必要時引用權威文獻支持

Q5: 如果無法完成所有要求的修改怎麼辦?

A: 誠實溝通:

  1. 說明哪些修改已完成
  2. 解釋無法完成的原因(如資源、時間限制)
  3. 提供替代方案
  4. 在限制中說明這些局限性

Q6: 回覆信需要包含所有修改的詳細內容嗎?

A: 是的,應該:

  • 逐點回覆每個意見
  • 標示修改位置(頁數、行數)
  • 簡要說明修改內容
  • 對重大修改提供更多細節

Q7: 如果兩個審稿人的意見互相矛盾怎麼辦?

A: 平衡處理:

  1. 分別回覆兩位審稿人
  2. 說明您考慮了兩種觀點
  3. 解釋您的最終決定和理由
  4. 必要時請編輯協助裁決

Q8: 回覆信的語氣應該多正式?

A: 保持專業但友好:

  • 使用正式學術語言
  • 避免過於僵硬或防禦性
  • 表達感謝和尊重
  • 保持謙虛但自信

結語

專業的審稿意見回覆是論文發表成功的關鍵。記住以下要點:

  1. 逐點回覆:不遺漏任何意見
  2. 保持專業:即使不同意也要禮貌
  3. 提供證據:用數據和文獻支持您的回覆
  4. 標示清楚:明確指出所有修改位置
  5. 感謝審稿人:認可他們的時間和努力

通過遵循這些原則和技巧,您可以大幅提升論文的接受機率,並在學術界建立良好的聲譽。


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